background

1 Gastroplasty MASON
(gastroplasty by means of clips)

2 The adjustable banding

3 Gastric By-pass

The background of different surgical techniques with regard to obesity practised in France but with emphasis placed on the gastric banding.

Professor Lucien Leger introduced obesity surgery in Europe in 1970 in the Cochin Hospital, and doctor Claret participated in the work done in this ward right from the start. At the beginning the intervention consisted in creating a defect in the organism to assimilate food, by creating a short circuit in the intestine. These operations were achieved by opening the abdomen.

From 1976, still by opening the belly, the use of short circuits in the intestine was given up in this service. Another technique was practised at the Cochin hospital, simply aiming to limit the amount of food which the stomach could take in.
Its name is gastroplasty.

gastro_mass This gastroplasty by means of clips is still used in France, by a limited number of surgical teams , including ours in the 1980.

From 1986, in the USA and in Sweden adjustable bandings have been inserted and in this way, achieving gastroplasties without clips but still with the traditional abdomen method.

At the beginning of the 1990, the mini invasive digestive surgery by laparoscopy, which started in France in 1987, has rapidly been communicated throughout the world.

In September 1993, doctor Belachew, in Belgium, installed the first adjustable banding (specially designed for laparoscopy surgery : the Lap-Band).
In the follow up of the launching of this ring, the Swedish, the German the French bandings were distributed.

The American banding was authorised in France in 1995, after the initial study carried out at the Bichat hospital, in Paris (Professor Marmuse). From this year 1995, it was used for the first time in a private clinic in the Paris area (Ile de France) by our team, together with a few teams in other provincial areas in France.
This coelioscopic technique which must always be practised by experimented surgeons in specialised structures has known since then a world- wide expansion (nowadays more than 180,000 bandings have been inserted) and this has contributed to the knowledge of the surgery of obesity concerning the general public.
It has been practised for three years in the USA, where techniques associating problems of absorption and the diminution of the quantity of absorbed foods had been favoured until now, (gastric By–pass, Scopinaro, Duodenal-Switch) the latter are starting to be achieved by laparoscopy.

This written information comes in addition to the oral information, essential and adapted to the case of each patient who is invited to formulate any question he might need.